在中国历史的浩瀚长河中，有一位智慧与忠诚并重的传奇人物，他便是三国时期蜀汉丞相——诸葛亮。其人不仅深谋远虑、才华横溢，更以其“鞠躬尽瘁，死而后已”的精神，成为后世颂扬的典范。本文旨在对这位历史巨人进行简要介绍，并以英文形式呈现其生平事迹，以飨读者。
Zhuge Liang, styled Kongming and respectfully known as Chancellor during the Three Kingdoms period, stands as a paragon of wisdom and loyalty in Chinese history. Renowned for his profound strategic insight and unparalleled talent, he embodies the spirit of devoting oneself wholly until death, a quality that has earned him enduring admiration across generations. This article endeavors to provide a succinct overview of this legendary figure’s life and accomplishments, translated into English for an international audience.
诸葛亮，字孔明，号卧龙，生于公元181年，卒于234年，是东汉末年及三国时期杰出的政治家、军事家、文学家、发明家和外交家。他早年隐居隆中，因才智超群被刘备三顾茅庐请出，自此辅佐刘备建立蜀汉政权，直至刘备去世后，担任丞相一职，继续辅佐刘禅管理国家。诸葛亮在治国理政方面展现出卓越的才能，推行一系列改革措施，如屯田制、木牛流马等，有效增强了蜀汉的经济和军事实力。
Born in 181 AD and passing away in 234 AD, Zhuge Liang, also known by his courtesy name Kongming and nicknamed “Crouching Dragon,” was a distinguished statesman, military strategist, writer, inventor, and diplomat during the tumultuous era of the late Eastern Han Dynasty and the Three Kingdoms period. After living in seclusion in Longzhong, his exceptional intellect led Liu Bei to visit him thrice before successfully persuading him to emerge from retirement. From then on, Zhuge Liang dedicated himself to assisting Liu Bei in establishing the Shu Han state, and continued to serve as Chancellor under Liu Shan after Liu Bei’s death. His governance demonstrated remarkable ability, implementing reforms like the tuntian system and inventing the wooden ox and flowing horse, which significantly bolstered Shu Han’s economic and military strength.
在军事上，诸葛亮五次北伐中原，意图恢复汉室旧土，虽最终未能成功，但其用兵如神、智勇双全的形象深入人心。著名的空城计、草船借箭等策略，至今仍被传颂。此外，诸葛亮还精通天文、地理、易经之学，留下了《出师表》、《诫子书》等传世名篇，体现了他对国家、家庭和个人修养的深刻思考。
Militarily, Zhuge Liang launched five northern expeditions aiming to restore the Han Dynasty’s former territories, though ultimately unsuccessful. Nevertheless, his image as a master tactician with both wisdom and bravery deeply resonates in people’s hearts. Famous strategies like the Empty Fort Strategy and borrowing arrows with straw boats are still celebrated today. Moreover, Zhuge Liang was proficient in astronomy, geography, and the Book of Changes, leaving behind classic writings such as “Memorials on the Expedition” and “Admonitions to His Son,” which reflect his profound reflections on statecraft, familial duties, and personal cultivation.
诸葛亮的一生，是对“忠”与“智”的最佳诠释。他不仅是一位伟大的战略家，更是一位理想的臣子，其“鞠躬尽瘁，死而后已”的精神，激励着无数后来者。至今，关于他的传说与故事仍在民间流传，成为中华文化宝库中的璀璨明珠。
Zhuge Liang’s life epitomizes the virtues of “loyalty” and “wisdom.” He was not only a grand strategist but also an exemplary minister whose dedication to his duties until death serves as an inspiration for countless generations. To this day, tales and legends about him persist within folklore, shining brightly in the treasure trove of Chinese culture.
综观诸葛亮的生平，我们不仅看到了一个时代的风云变幻，更感受到了一位智者对于理想与责任的执着追求。他的故事跨越时空，成为连接过去与未来的桥梁，提醒着世人在复杂多变的世界中找到坚守初心的力量。
Reflecting on Zhuge Liang’s life story, we witness not only the shifting tides of an era but also the relentless pursuit of ideals and responsibilities by a wise man. His narrative transcends time and space, serving as a bridge between the past and future, reminding humanity to find the strength to adhere to our original aspirations amidst a complex and ever-changing world.